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Banff is a town in the Banff and Buchan area of Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Banff is situated on Banff Bay and faces the town of Macduff across the estuary of the River Banff is a previous royal burgh, as well as is the county town of the historical region of Banffshire. Banff’s first castle was constructed to drive away Viking invaders and a charter of 1163 AD shows that Malcolm IV was living there at that time. Throughout this duration the community was a hectic trading centre in the “totally free hanse” of Northern Scottish burghs, despite not having its very own harbour till 1775. The first recorded Sheriff of Banff was Richard de Strathewan in 1264, as well as in 1372 Royal Burgh standing was provided by King Robert II. By the 15th century Banff was among three major communities exporting salmon to the continent of Europe, together with Aberdeen as well as Montrose. There was a great deal of lawlessness in seventeenth-century Scotland, and some of the most awful offenders were members of the nobility. According to records maintained by historian William Cramond, the tolbooth (court house and also prison) of Banff was, in 1628, the site of a run-in between Lord Banff and also James Ogilvie, his loved one. Reportedly, he struck James Ogilvie upon the head with a baton during a court hearing. Twenty of his close friends and also followers then attacked Ogilvie with swords prior to chasing him right into the street and also completing him off with a pistol shot. Banff and also Macduff are divided by the valley of the River Deveron. This uncertain river was ultimately tamed by the 7 arched bridge completed in 1779 by John Smeaton. An earlier bridge had actually been built in 1765, yet was swept away in 1768. The old ferry was brought back into usage, until it was lost in a flood in 1773. A public conference was kept in 1800 as well as passed a resolution for the building of a turnpike road in between Turiff and Banff as the existing roadway was in a sad state of repair. Later 19th century transport renovations consisted of the structure of two railway lines, from Macduff to Turiff in 1860 as well as the Banff, Portsoy as well as Strathisla Railway in 1859 which connected to the primary Aberdeen to Inverness line. During the 19th Century the Banff Fishery District (consisting of the ports from Crovie to Sandend) was important to the herring profession, with production peaking in 1853 at more than sixty-thousand barrels, of which nearly thirty-four thousand were exported, nonetheless by 1912 manufacturing had declined to just over 8 thousand barrels. Currently, the languages spoken in the town and also in its vicinity often tend to be the Doric dialect of Scots, and also English.