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Banff is a town in the Banff and Buchan area of Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Banff is situated on Banff Bay and faces the town of Macduff across the estuary of the River Banff is a previous royal burgh, and also is the county town of the historic region of Banffshire. Banff’s very first castle was constructed to push back Viking intruders and also a charter of 1163 AD reveals that Malcolm IV was living there at that time. Throughout this duration the town was an active trading centre in the “totally free hanse” of Northern Scottish burghs, despite not having its very own harbour up until 1775. The first taped Sheriff of Banff was Richard de Strathewan in 1264, and in 1372 Royal Burgh condition was given by King Robert II. By the 15th century Banff was just one of 3 principal towns exporting salmon to the continent of Europe, along with Aberdeen and also Montrose. There was a large amount of lawlessness in seventeenth-century Scotland, and also a few of the most awful offenders were members of the nobility. According to documents kept by historian William Cramond, the tolbooth (courthouse as well as jail) of Banff was, in 1628, the website of an altercation in between Lord Banff as well as James Ogilvie, his relative. Apparently, he struck James Ogilvie upon the head with a baton throughout a court hearing. Twenty of his pals and also followers after that attacked Ogilvie with swords prior to chasing him into the street and completing him off with a gun shot. Banff and Macduff are divided by the valley of the River Deveron. This unforeseeable river was ultimately subjugated by the seven curved bridge finished in 1779 by John Smeaton. An earlier bridge had actually been built in 1765, but was swept away in 1768. The old ferryboat was revived right into usage, till it was lost in a flooding in 1773. A public conference was held in 1800 as well as passed a resolution for the structure of a turnpike roadway in between Turiff and also Banff as the existing road was in a sad state of repair. Later 19th century transport enhancements consisted of the structure of two train lines, from Macduff to Turiff in 1860 and also the Banff, Portsoy and also Strathisla Railway in 1859 which attached to the main Aberdeen to Inverness line. During the 19th Century the Banff Fishery Area (making up the ports from Crovie to Sandend) was important to the herring profession, with manufacturing coming to a head in 1853 at more than sixty-thousand barrels, of which nearly thirty-four thousand were exported, however by 1912 manufacturing had actually decreased to just over 8 thousand barrels. Currently, the languages spoken in the community and also in its vicinity tend to be the Doric dialect of Scots, and English.